Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), also known as gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, is an enzyme found in various tissues in the body, with particularly high levels in the liver, kidneys, pancreas, and bile ducts. It plays a crucial role in the metabolism of glutathione, a potent antioxidant, by catalyzing the transfer of the gamma-glutamyl moiety of glutathione to amino acids or peptides.
GGT levels in the blood are commonly measured as part of liver function tests. Elevated levels of GGT can indicate liver or bile duct damage or disease, such as hepatitis, cirrhosis, bile duct obstruction, or alcohol abuse. GGT levels may also be elevated in conditions unrelated to the liver, such as pancreatitis, heart failure, and certain medications.
GGT levels are often interpreted in conjunction with other liver function tests, such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), to help diagnose liver and biliary tract disorders and monitor their progression or response to treatment.
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